"Prefer to" yoki "prefer over": Qaysi predlogni tanlash kerak?

"Prefer" fe'lidan keyin qaysi predlogni ishlatishim kerak? bu nafaqat ona tilida so'zlashuvchilar, balki boshqa tillarda so'zlashuvchilar orasida ham tez-tez beriladigan savol. Qisqacha aytganda, agar siz bir narsani boshqasidan ko'ra ko'proq yoqtirishingizni bildirmoqchi bo'lsangiz, har doim prefer to ishlatishingiz mumkin:

I prefer apples to oranges.

He prefers coffee to tea.

They prefer swimming to running.

"prefer over" ni "prefer to" o'rniga ishlatish (masalan, "I prefer apples over oranges") nisbatan yaqinda paydo bo'lgan hodisa (bu ibora Amerika adabiyotida 20-asrning 40-yillarida va Britaniya adabiyotida taxminan 1980-yillarda paydo bo'la boshladi). Bu "prefer to" ga qaraganda taxminan 10 marta kamroq uchraydi va ko'plab ona tilida so'zlashuvchilar uni noqulay deb hisoblashadi, shuning uchun uni o'z xavfingiz ostida ishlating.

Biroq, "over" so'zi "prefer" bilan bog'liq holda passiv holatda ancha mashhur bo'lib qoldi. Masalan, men bir xil (huquqiy) kitobda bir xil muallif tomonidan ishlatilgan ikkala variantni topishga muvaffaq bo'ldim:

The more stringent policy is preferred to/over the somewhat less stringent policy.

Umuman olganda, "preferred to" hali ham ingliz adabiyotida "preferred over" ga qaraganda taxminan ikki baravar ko'proq uchraydi, shuning uchun birinchisi xavfsizroq tanlovdir, lekin "A is preferred over B" ni ishlatish "people prefer A over B" ni ishlatishdan ancha keng tarqalgan.

Biroq, "prefer to" ni ishlatish mumkin bo'lmagan bir holat mavjud. Ikki fe'lni solishtirganda, "prefer to verb to to verb" o'rniga "rather than" ishlatilishi kerak (yoki butun jumlani qayta tuzish):

I prefer to die rather than (to) live without you.

I prefer dying to living without you.

I prefer to die to to live without you.

I prefer to die to living without you.

To'g'ri ishlatishning yana bir necha misollari:

...

Bu hali hammasi emas! Matnning qolgan qismini koʻrish va bizning til oʻrganuvchilar hamjamiyatimizning bir qismiga aylanish uchun roʻyxatdan oʻting.

...

Maqolaning qolgan qismi faqat tizimga kirgan foydalanuvchilar uchun mavjud. Ro'yxatdan o'tish orqali siz katta kontent kutubxonasiga kirish imkoniyatiga ega bo'lasiz.

O'qishni davom ettiring



13 Ingliz tilida "arrive to", "arrive in" va "arrive at" farqlari

Izohlar

Jakub 22d

Qaysi variantni afzal ko'rasiz? 🙂

Ko‘proq ko‘rsatish yoki izoh yozish

1.	Introduction
2.	“Lie in bed” or “lay in bed”
3.	“Information is” vs. “informations are” – plural or singular
4.	(An) information – is there an article?
5.	“News is” or “news are” – problematic words ending with an “s”
6.	So, thus, therefore, and hence
7.	“At school” vs. “in school”
8.	“In office” vs. “in the office” vs. “at the office”
9.	“Help do” vs. “help to do” vs. “help doing”
10.	“In the picture” vs. “on the picture”
11.	“Half five”, “half seven”, “half ten” etc. in British English
12.	“Prefer to” or “prefer over”
13.	“Arrive to” vs. “arrive in” vs. “arrive at”
14.	Each other's vs. each others'
15.	Difference between “cemetery” and “graveyard”

1.	Introduction
2.	“Lie in bed” or “lay in bed”
3.	“Information is” vs. “informations are” – plural or singular
4.	(An) information – is there an article?
5.	“News is” or “news are” – problematic words ending with an “s”
6.	So, thus, therefore, and hence
7.	“At school” vs. “in school”
8.	“In office” vs. “in the office” vs. “at the office”
9.	“Help do” vs. “help to do” vs. “help doing”
10.	“In the picture” vs. “on the picture”
11.	“Half five”, “half seven”, “half ten” etc. in British English
12.	“Prefer to” or “prefer over”
13.	“Arrive to” vs. “arrive in” vs. “arrive at”
14.	Each other's vs. each others'
15.	Difference between “cemetery” and “graveyard”