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"Compare to" va "compare with": ingliz tilida predloglar

author image Jakub Marian

Ba'zi mualliflar " compare to " va " compare with " asosan bir xil ma'noni anglatadi, deb ta'kidlashadi, lekin ularga ishonmang. Aslida, compare fe'li bir nechta turli ma'nolarga ega, ulardan ba'zilari " to " predlogini talab qiladi, boshqalari esa " with " ni talab qiladi:

compare A to B = A ni B ga qiyoslash, ya'ni A va B o'xshashligini ta'kidlash

Masalan, jumla:

Football experts compare him to the legendary Pelé.

bu futbol mutaxassislari o'sha futbolchi va Pelé o'rtasida ko'p o'xshashliklar borligini (ya'ni, o'sha futbolchi Pelé kabi yaxshi ekanligini) ta'kidlashlarini anglatadi. Biroq, qiyoslash har doim ijobiy bo'lishi shart emas:

Stalinism has been compared to Fascism.

Bu yerda nazarda tutilgan ma'no shundaki, stalinizm faqat fashizmga o'xshash emas, balki stalinizm fashizm kabi yomon hamdir.

Yuqorida tasvirlangan ma'noda faqat compare to ishlatiladi. compare with esa boshqa bir tushunchani ifodalaydi:

compare A with B = A va B ni solishtirish, ya'ni A va B o'rtasidagi o'xshashliklar va farqlarni baholash

Masalan:

I compared the performance of my computer with yours, and I must say, your computer is much better than mine.
Investigators compared his fingerprints with those found at the crime scene and found out they didn't match.

" compare " bu ma'noda ishlatilganda, " and " ni " with " o'rniga ishlatish mumkin, masalan:

I compared the performance of my computer and yours, and your computer turned out to be better.

"Qiyoslash" ma'nosida bu mumkin emas; " experts compare him and the legendary Pelé " jumlasi o'xshashlikni ko'rsatmoqchi bo'lsangiz, ma'nosiz.

Majhul nisbat: Compared to/compared with

Biroq, fe'l majhul nisbatda ishlatilganda, taqqoslashni ifodalash uchun ikkala variant ham keng qo'llaniladi: compared to va compared with. Masalan:

My computer is really bad, compared to/compared with yours.
My Facebook page has 6,000 subscribers, compared to/compared with 2,500 it had a year ago.

Yuqorida tasvirlangan ma'nolarni hisobga olgan holda, faqat " compared with " ma'no berishi kutiladi, lekin haqiqat shundaki, " compared to " ingliz adabiyotida " compared with " ga qaraganda bir necha barobar ko'proq uchraydi.
O'qishni davom ettiring
"I.e." va "e.g." dan keyin vergul qoʻyish: Ingliz va Amerika uslublari
Izohlar
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