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by (EN)
предлог, наречие, прилагателно

предлог “by”

by
  1. до
    The children played by the old oak tree.
  2. покрай
    A cat slipped by the house unnoticed.
  3. до (уточнение: време)
    I need to finish this report by Friday.
  4. от
    The cake was cut by the birthday girl.
  5. от
    The painting hanging in the hall is by Van Gogh.
  6. чрез
    She got the job by impressing the interviewers with her knowledge.
  7. под (уточнение: власт или разрешение)
    The judge ruled by the law of the land.
  8. като се закълна в/по (уточнение: клетва)
    By Jove, you've finally understood the equation!
  9. по
    The librarian organized the books by author.
  10. с (уточнение: количество или степен)
    The temperature dropped by five degrees overnight.
  11. един след друг
    The team tackled the problem step by step.
  12. по
    He was eating cookies by the handful.
  13. всеки
    The company's revenue is increasing by the month.
  14. според (уточнение: изказване)
    By the witness's account, the suspect fled the scene.
  15. с размери (уточнение: измерване)
    The room measures 10 feet by 12 feet.

наречие “by”

by (more/most)
  1. покрай
    As we sat on the porch, the parade went by with music and colorful floats.
  2. наблизо
    The post office is just by, around the corner.
  3. до
    Can you swing by the store and grab some milk?
  4. настрана
    She put some money by for her vacation.

прилагателно “by”

основна форма by, неградируемо
  1. второстепенен
    We found a quiet by-lane to walk down.
  2. второстепенен
    The by-product of our invention is a reduction on CO2 emissions.