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by (EN)
حرف جار، فعل کی تفصیل، صفت

حرف جار “by”

by
  1. کے پاس
    The children played by the old oak tree.
  2. کے قریب سے گزر کر
    A cat slipped by the house unnoticed.
  3. تک
    I need to finish this report by Friday.
  4. کی طرف سے
    The cake was cut by the birthday girl.
  5. کی جانب سے (تخلیق یا تحریر کے حوالے سے)
    The painting hanging in the hall is by Van Gogh.
  6. کے ذریعے
    She got the job by impressing the interviewers with her knowledge.
  7. کی اجازت سے
    The judge ruled by the law of the land.
  8. کی قسم کھا کر
    By Jove, you've finally understood the equation!
  9. کے مطابق
    The librarian organized the books by author.
  10. کی مقدار یا درجے کے حساب سے
    The temperature dropped by five degrees overnight.
  11. ایک کے بعد ایک
    The team tackled the problem step by step.
  12. کی مقدار میں
    He was eating cookies by the handful.
  13. ہر
    The company's revenue is increasing by the month.
  14. کے مطابق (اقرار یا بیان کے حوالے سے)
    By the witness's account, the suspect fled the scene.
  15. کے ناپ سے
    The room measures 10 feet by 12 feet.

فعل کی تفصیل “by”

by (more/most)
  1. پاس سے گزرتے ہوئے (مقام کے حوالے سے)
    As we sat on the porch, the parade went by with music and colorful floats.
  2. قریب (مقام کے حوالے سے)
    The post office is just by, around the corner.
  3. پاس
    Can you swing by the store and grab some milk?
  4. ذخیرہ شدہ
    She put some money by for her vacation.

صفت “by”

بنیادی شکل by، غیر تدریجی
  1. ثانوی (مقام کے حوالے سے)
    We found a quiet by-lane to walk down.
  2. ثانوی (اہمیت یا توجہ کے حوالے سے)
    The by-product of our invention is a reduction on CO2 emissions.