助動詞 “be”
不定詞 be; 私 am, 'm; あなた are, 're; 彼 is, 's; 過去形 were / was; 過去分詞 been; 動名詞 being
negative: he isn't, past wasn't; you aren't, past weren't
- 動詞の過去分詞と共に使われ、受動態を作るために用いられる
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The cake was eaten by the children. Another one will be baked by their mom tomorrow.
- 動詞の現在分詞と共に用いられ、進行形を作るために使われる
She is running a marathon this weekend. She was preparing for it yesterday.
- 義務や意図を表す正式な方法
You are to complete your homework before playing video games.
動詞 “be”
不定詞 be; 私 am, 'm; あなた are, 're; 彼 is, 's; 過去形 were / was; 過去分詞 been; 動名詞 being
否定: 彼「to be」isn't, 過去形wasn't; 君「to be」aren't, 過去形weren't
- である(主語と名詞を結びつける)
She is a doctor. The animal is a cat.
- である(主語と属性を結びつける)
The cat is fluffy. This was quite strange. Helping others is as important as taking care of yourself.
- 存在しているか、ある
There is a chance of rain this afternoon.
- 〜歳である
My sister is 15 years old.
- 〜時である
It is 10:30 in the morning.
- 〜からである
It has been five minutes since the last call.
- です(天気を表す時に使います)
- 〜にある
The keys are in the drawer.
- いつですか(「be」を使った質問文で、イベントのタイミングを尋ねる際に使う)
When will the concert be?