against (EN)

preposition

preposition “against”

1. not in agreement or support of someone or something
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   He voted against the new policy because he thought it was unfair.
2. used to compare two different things or situations
   The new movie's success was measured against last year's blockbuster.
3. not beneficial or helpful to someone or something
   The judge ruled against her in the court case.
4. not following the rules or laws
   Cheating on the test is against the school rules.
5. to protect from negative effects
   She wore a hat to protect her face against the sun.
6. competing with, versus
   She competed against her friend in the chess tournament.
7. touching or very close to another thing
   She leaned her bike against the wall.
8. moving or doing something in the opposite direction of something else
   The wind was so strong that walking against it felt like pushing a wall.
9. in front of another thing in the background, making it stand out
   The dark trees looked beautiful against the orange sunset.
10. physically hitting or touching something else
    The waves crashed against the rocks.
11. having negative feelings towards someone or something
    He had no arguments against her proposal.
12. preparing or saving for something that might happen in the future
    She stocked up on canned goods against the possibility of a long winter.
13. when something can be used to get something else (like exchanging)
    You can trade your old books against new ones at the store.
14. when a cost is applied to something (like a tax on income)
    A fee is charged against the total amount of the loan.
15. (in betting odds) when the chances are very low
    The odds are ten-to-one against him winning the race, so it's very unlikely he'll come first.