without (EN)
preposition, adverb

preposition “without”

without
  1. lacking or not having something
    The soup tasted bland without any salt.
  2. not performing an action or not having performed an action
    She managed to complete the puzzle without looking at the guide.
  3. (archaic or literary) On the outside or beyond a boundary
    The knights ventured without the safety of the castle walls.

adverb “without”

without
  1. in a state of lacking something
    The store had run out of milk, so we went without.